High-Performance Transparent Copper Grid Electrodes Fabricated by Microcontact Lithography for Organic Photovoltaics

We report high-performance transparent copper grid electrodes on glass and plastic substrates that offer a higher Haacke figure-of-merit than conventional indium tin oxide are well-matched to the requirements for organic photovoltaics (OPVs). The electrode is fabricated using microcontact lithography with combination of molecular resist low toxicity etchant, namely, hexadecanethiol aqueous ammonium persulfate. This approach fabrication much faster because it takes 20 times narrower possible metal printing methods so pitch <30 ?m easily achieved without increasing coverage. very small grid-line spacing relaxes requirement use highly conductive films span gaps between lines, reducing parasitic absorption losses. demonstrated an extremely thin (10 nm) poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) layer. Additionally, we present evidence not always necessarily embed into substrate or planarize charge-transport layer, avoid leakage current across OPV device.